Battle of the Bulge - 1611 Words

The battle of the bulge The battle of the bulge was Hitlers last chance to win the war or at least make the allies go for a treaty. He did this because his forces were being pushed back into Germany and soon they would run out of supplies and other resources for war. Hitler thought of this bold plain when he recalled how a German hero Frederick the great was facing defeat, Frederick went on a offensive attack at his foe who had superior numbers but the bold moved worked and Hitler thought he could do the same thing. The Battle of the bulge took place on December sixteenth 1944. More than a million men participated in this battle including some 600,000 Germans, 500,000 Americans, and 55,000 British which made it one of the biggest†¦show more content†¦There would be three armies the 15th Army in the North, 7th Army in the South and the main push by Sepp Dietrichs 6th and Von Manteuffels 7th Panzer Divisions in the center! Specially trained German soldiers who spoke English fluently were infiltrated behind the Allied lines wearing American uniforms with orders to disrupt the deployment of Allied units and prepare the way for the German advance. The crucial problem for the German was their lack of fuel and the whole adventure depended on their initial thrust capturing the allied supplies. Without a supply of fuel they where sitting ducks but only if they ever ran out. Hitlers last attack had to work or he would be defeated. The plan was to march 85 miles from Southern Belgium to Luxembourg and attack the allies by surprise. The Germans would attack during the Christmas season in the Ardennes Forest, an area where there were only a few allied solders. The invasion was designed to split the American and British armies in half. However it did not succeed the allied lines bent but never split like the Germans hoped. At the beginning of the battle Hitler had fighter jets fly over his troops which sent his troops fired up for the fight now they could see Hitler did have the wonder weapons he said he had. With this battle happening the Germans did one of the most worst things, as some Americans surrendered the Germans would shoot themShow MoreRelatedThe Battle of the Bulge757 Words   |  3 Pages to eliminate the bulge in the American line. This success was largely due to General Patton’s third army, that attacked from the North and the South. On January 8, 1945, the German forces began to pull out of the Bulge. As the Americans advanced, they continued to erase all German gains. By the end of January, 1945, all territory that was captured by the Germans was back under Allied control (â€Å"Battle of the Bulge†). The Battle of the bulge was one of the most difficult battles of the war for theRead MoreThe Battle Of The Bulge1089 Words   |  5 PagesBattle of the Bulge The United States remains a country with a rich history in several issues including strong military activities including their incursion in Iraq, Afghanistan and other volatile countries around the world. However, the devastations of the Battle of the Bulge make it as one of the deadliest and bloodiest wars that the U.S has ever witnessed in history. It led to various war tactics with artillery emerging from it and other military operation challenges. Despite its unpredictableRead MoreThe Battle Of The Bulge1098 Words   |  5 PagesThe Battle of the Bulge was one of the Bloodiest battles of World War II with around 175,000 total casualties and played a key role in ending the War. The Battle started as a German surprise attack on Allied Forces along an 80-mile front in the Ardennes Forest of southern Belgium. The Germans initially had a great deal of success in their attack but through a series of Allied counter attacks the Allied Forces were able to cripple the German Forces. The Field Artillery played a crucial role inRead MoreThe Battle Of The Bulge2131 Words   |  9 PagesThe Battle of the Bulge was the largest battle on the Western Front of World War Two. At the largest point of the battle it involved over 1.1 million men. The battle was started when the Germans launched Operation Watch on the Rhine. The main objective of this operation was to capture the American held harbor of Antwerp which is Belgium. Ever since the invasion of Normandy the allies had had problems bringing supplies up to the front. Every time the Germans left a city with a harbor in it they sabotagedRead MoreThe Battle Of The Bulge1712 Words   |  7 Pages Battle of the Bulge Christopher Adams NCOA SLC 15-005 Battle of the Bulge Introduction The Battle of the Bulge, a massive German counteroffensive which began in December 1944, ultimately produced the largest casualty rate in any one battle throughout World War II. The Allied Forces alone lost almost 80,000 at the Battle of the Bulge. This casualty rate could have been much higher if Hitler would’ve grasped the importance and value of supply and logisticalRead MoreThe Battle Of The Bulge1077 Words   |  5 PagesBattle of the Bulge The Battle of the Bulge is remembered as Adolf Hitler’s final effort to escape total defeat during World War II (WWII). His initial efforts were successful, however the Allied force commanders proved superior through there demonstrated adaptive and decisive decision making. These actions helped to overcome the military force and military intelligence failures during the battle. If these failures had been avoided, the Germans would have been defeated much quickerRead MoreThe Battle Of The Bulge1630 Words   |  7 PagesImagine hundreds of thousands of soldiers fighting in blizzard conditions, both sides fighting for their country, The Battle of the Bulge was one of the largest battles of the war and proved to be one of the most important. Some people ask how the Allied forces were able to stop the seemingly unbeatable Nazi war machine, this battle would be the last major offensive by the Third Reich in attempt to change the tides of the Second World War. The All ied forces were about to be a part of the true terrorsRead MoreThe Battle Of The Bulge1647 Words   |  7 PagesThe Battle of the Bulge stands as the largest battle fought between the Allied and Axis forces on the Western Front during World War II. This battle was a German offensive intended to drive a wedge between the American and British armies in France and the Low Countries and capture the port of Antwerp in the Netherlands to deny the Allies use of the port facilities. The battle also known as the Ardennes Offensive, took place in the Ardennes Forest of Luxembourg and Belgium. The battle waged duringRead MoreThe Battle Of The Bulge1388 Words   |  6 PagesWhen Eisenhower summons 10th Armored Division to Bastogne, Patton exercises disciplined initiative in setting the stage for victory at the Battle of the Bulge. Before Patton is summoned to Verdun, he set the conditions for his forces to break away from the battle in the Saar River Valley and move toward Bastogne. Patton initially protests the order to send the 10th Armored Division to Bastogne. Losing an entire division would weaken his effort to Invade Germany in the Saar. However, Patton finallyRead MoreThe Battle Of The Bulge3845 Words   |  16 PagesBattle of the Bulge The Battle of the Bulge started in the winter December 16th 1944 – 1945 towards the end of World War II. It was the last major Nazi attack against the Allies in World War II. The Battle of the Bulge was the last chance effort by Hitler to split the alliance between Britain, France and America in two. Adolf Hitler believed that the western sector of Europe was weak in addition, if he attacked with a successful defeat, it would break up the alliance. Hitler ordered a major

Chaucer’s The Prioress Essay - 931 Words

The Medieval period of The Canterbury Tales is held on April 11, 1387. The writing style of tales are literary skilled. â€Å"There is clear evidence in them that Chaucer was familiar with a considerable number of the great book of his time, and it is fairly well established that his writings show a steady increase in his literary skill† (Chaucer xxxvii). Chaucer is a writer of surprise. His stories not only come from plots of other writers but also from his lifetime. â€Å"There is of course no explaining where or how Chaucer acquired his ability as a great storyteller. However, the fact that he was a man of affairs as well as a man of books, a civil servant who dealt frequently with people from all walks of life, seem to have had great†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"In its extreme form, it ‘attributes to the Jews an exceptional position among all other civilizations, defames them as an inferior group and denies their being part of the nations’ in w hich they reside† (Wikipedia Anti-Semitism). In today’s historical background majority of Christians and Jews do not hate each other. Even though they see Jesus in a different way they have learned to accept their differences and not hate on each other. Back in Chaucer’s time they did not do that. The cruelty between them started chaos. The theme for this tale is Love Conquers All (Sparknotes). The Prioress is a Nun who must accept the 4 vows. But the readers see her as someone who is opposite and does not accept them. Poverty is a vow in which a Nun must hold no worthy possessions. But the Prioress happens to own a beautiful brooch in which the readers believe she is not fully dedicated to the church. Another vow that the Prioress does not exceed in is the faithfulness of chastity. Nuns are servants to the church and they are suppose to show promiscuity. Since Chaucer does not mention the third vow, obedience, it shows that the Prioress does not follow this one either since she is not apart of the first two The Prioress of The Canterbury Tales. 123HelpMe.com. 18 Oct 2009 http://www.123HelpMe.com/view.asp?id=15607. Now the readers believe that the Prioress does not serve God in any way. The third vow is probably the most important one. The Prioress isShow MoreRelatedThe Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer Essay1115 Words   |  5 Pagesmatched their stereotype of that time but most do not. The Prioress, Madame Eglentyne, and Wife of Bath, Allison, are two characters that do not fit their stereotype of the Middle Ages. Geoffrey Chaucer demonstrates a reflection of change in The Canterbury Tales by comparing their appearances, actions, and morals. The Prioress and Wife of Bath do not match the typical appearance of their character in the Middle Ages. Chaucer gives the Prioress abnormal pieces of clothing that do not suit that of a headRead MoreLearning About Medieval Life and Society from Chaucers General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales1224 Words   |  5 PagesLearning About Medieval Life and Society from Chaucers General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales I have been studying Geoffrey Chaucers General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales, of which I looked specifically at six portraits, these being: the Knight, his son, a young squire, the prioress, the wife of Bath, the Miller and the Pardoner. From these portraits I was able to observe the ways of life and society in medieval times. I found out about social status, fashion, wealthRead MoreEssay on Geoffrey Chaucers Canterbury Tales1261 Words   |  6 PagesGeoffrey Chaucers Canterbury Tales The Knight, Squire, Prioress, The Monk and the Friar are defined by their settings in Geoffrey Chaucer’s Prologue to The Canterbury Tales. 1. Portnoy says in his article in the Chaucer Review that The General Prologue is like a mirror reflecting the individuals appearance which then defines the character of that person.(281) 2. Scanlon backs up Portnoy in his article from Speculum by saying †¦Characters descriptions somehow emerge inevitably fromRead More Canterbury Tales - Criticism of the Church in the Summoner’s Tale and the Prioress’s Tale1522 Words   |  7 PagesTale Many pilgrims in Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales held a religious position. Some of these people’s personal ideas have caused debates and criticism over Chaucer’s opinion of the Catholic Church. Critics have discussed the ideas that were presented both subtly and openly. Two of the pilgrims and their tales will be discussed: the Prioress and the Pardoner. Both of these tales offer points of criticism in the Catholic Church. The Prioress introduces herself as being likeRead More Chaucers Women From Eve to Mary Essay1272 Words   |  6 PagesChaucers Women From Eve to Mary The Middle Ages was an interesting time to be a woman. For centuries the church generally disapproved of, with equal measure, women and sex. Women were not even thought of as human beings, and were seen as necessary only in what they could do for their men. When the men left for the Crusades women were given a larger role in the upkeep of their husbands’ houses and estates, and assumed a more public role in the community. This gave the women a greater feelingRead MoreThe Friar s Tale Of Geoffrey Chaucer s Canterbury Tales Essay1508 Words   |  7 PagesThe Friar’s Tale Many pilgrims in Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales held a religious position. Some of these people’s personal ideas have caused debates and criticism over Chaucer’s opinion of the Catholic Church. Critics have discussed the ideas that were presented both subtly and openly. Two of the pilgrims and their tales will be discussed: the Prioress and the Pardoner. Both of these tales offer points of criticism in the Catholic Church. The Prioress introduces herself as being like a childRead MoreCanterbury Tales Analysis841 Words   |  4 Pageshis job. The Plowman shows that at this time they took their jobs very serious and were devout to their religion. Chaucers â€Å" The Prologue† reveals the lives of the average people at this time period. Chaucer describes the Church as being the most corrupt segment of society. The â€Å"Prologue† shares with the reader an insight into Pilgrims lives of the fourteenth century. In Chaucers â€Å"Prologue† to the Canterbury Tales the Parson shows the best example of a true religious. The Parson preaches andRead MoreThe Hypocritical Church Essay1237 Words   |  5 Pagescharacters within his text to broadcast to his audience what was wrong with the Church during his era. Chaucers salty feelings towards these crooked types of individuals are showcased when he discusses five of six ecclesiastical characters included as part of the group of pilgrims. The five flawed characters (who also happen to command most of the spotlight) are, in order of depravity, the Monk, the Prioress Nun, the Summoner, the Pardoner and worst of all, the Friar. The only character that fulfillsRead MoreChaucers The Canterbury Tales1381 Words   |  6 Pagesthe perception of women and men to rela te to his own opposite view. Through his literary work, it is implied that Chaucer believed that women and men should be treated as equals. Most specifically, he believed that women should have their rights. Chaucer’s characters in the tale reflects the society. For instance, in the Miller’s Tale, Allison is the personification of a woman in the Middle Ages. It can be inferred that she had no control over her life. For instance, while she was â€Å"wild and young†Read MoreEssay on Chaucers The Canterbury Tales927 Words   |  4 PagesChaucers The Canterbury Tales In The Canterbury Tales, Geoffrey Chaucer comments on moral corruption within the Roman Catholic Church. He criticizes many high-ranking members of the Church and describes a lack of morality in medieval society; yet in the â€Å"Retraction,† Chaucer recants much of his work and pledges to be true to Christianity. Seemingly opposite views exist within the â€Å"Retraction† and The Canterbury Tales. However, this contradiction does not weaken Chaucer’s social commentary.

A Case Study of Media Bias

Question: Discuss about theCase Study of Media Bias. Answer: Introduction Biasness is a curse and it can turn into a menace if reflected thoroughly by the mainstream media. Any form of biasness in the course of informing the general public should be considered as a means of rendering negative impact. It is noteworthy that a news report, especially as a form of mainstream media, should inform the readers or the audience about something that actually happened. On the appropriateness of information depends the quality of a news report. A complete picture of the event must be presented by a quality news report. But whenever a news report is incomplete and it projects only one side of the story, it should be considered a biased one. One such example of biased news report may be found in one of the reports published by The New York Times. In the news article, Earth Sets a Temperature Record for the Third Straight Year, Gillis has proved that biasness can actually turn a news report into an ineffective and inappropriate one. Readers often expect that whenever they are reading something related to science and environment, they are actually reading the interpretation and explanation of actual facts and figures either in the form of statistics or other mathematical calculations. The same expectation has been triggered by the concerned article, but the readers have not been appeased in this respect. And this is primarily because; the entire news article is infested with biasness of the author and the publishing authority. In the article, Earth Sets a Temperature Record for the Third Straight Year, Gillis has claimed that, Marking another milestone for a changing planet, scientists reported on Wednesday that the Earth reached its highest temperature on record in 2016, trouncing a record set only a year earlier, which beat one set in 2014. Though such claim might seem a weighty one, the author has actually embodied through the claim only the essence of biasness. Such a claim has not actually been proved scient ifically in the article, turning the article into a biased one. Biasness may be defined as The state of being biased; inclination to a particular side; partiality (Biasness). In the context of media, biasness may indicate unjustified favouritism to any issue or information (Lavasseur). This has been the case with the concerned news article. It is noteworthy that sheer favouritism and void of logic, both are evident in the claims made by Gillis in the article, and hence, the newspaper article should be considered a biased one. Gillis has proclaimed that, for the third year in a row, 2016 was the hottest year, and though readers may expect that such a claim would be supported by facts and figures; actually it has not been so. There have been no numbers, measurements, or statistical measures either supporting or interpreting the claim that Gillis has made in the article. It must be noted that Gillis has committed two specific forms of bias while writing the news article, viz. bias by o mission and bias by selection of sources (Media Bias). Bias by omission can occur either within a story, or over the long term as a particular news outlet reports one set of events, but not another (Media Bias). Bias by selection of sources refer to the practice of including or referring to only those sources that support one particular point of view of the reporter (Media Bias). Committing the biasness by omission, Gillis has failed to provide the readers with any comparative information regarding the temperature rise. The readers are not told what the average global temperature was or what had been the degree of increase in temperature. Denoting the presence of biasness by omission, Gillis has also not provided any statistical figure seeing which the readers may actually determine if 2016 was really one of the hottest years in a straight row. Moreover, hinting on the presence of biasness by selection of topic, Gillis, in the news article, has actually referred to some specific authorities, leaving out the views of others who might have been in opposition of the proposed fact. Quite interestingly, in the article, in order to strengthen the claim, Gillis has only mentioned those authorities and sources that have confirmed that 2016 had been among the hottest years. But nowhere in the article has the reporter specifically mentioned sources that have either opposed or challenged the claim. This is an indicator to the fact that Gillis has been biased in his approach towards the environmental issue, and his biasness has been reflected throughout his news article. Works Cited "Biasness". Wordnik. Web. 5 Feb. 2017. Gillis, Justin. "Earth Sets A Temperature Record For The Third Straight Year". The New York Times 2017. Web. 5 Feb. 2017. Levasseur, David G. "Topic Page: Media Bias". Credo Reference. N.p., 2008. Web. 5 Feb. 2017. "Media Bias". Student News Daily. N.p., 2017. Web. 5 Feb. 2017.

Hoarding Behavior in Elderly People

Question: Discuss about theHoarding Behavior in Elderly People. Answer: Introduction Hoarding can be defined as the habit of acquisition of the valueless objects and the inability to discard such objects, which may appear to be valueless possessions for others. The prevalence of the hoarding behavior is seen in the elderly population of Singapore. Such behavior is mainly seen in the patients suffering with mental disorders. Hoarding behavior also result in stress, anxiety and many other physical and psychological problems. The aim of this paper is to provide the comprehensive literature review on the Hoarding behavior of the elderly people in Singapore. Hoarding is a very serious problem. Therefore, it is also important to analyze the motivations for hoarding. Paper will also discuss the data collected from the interview of two hoarders. Paper will use the particular scales (Clutter-Hoarding Scale and Conner Davidson Resilience Scale) to evaluate the hoarding severity and to compare the hoarders from non-hoarders. Paper will also make two psychosocial interventions a nd/or services for people with habitual hoarding behaviour in Singapore. Literature Review What is Hoarding? Hoarding is the habit of keeping the possession of the valueless things, which increases the excessive clutter, disability and also distress. According to American Psychiatric Association (2013), Hoarding is defined as an excessive acquisition of objects and inability to discard or part with possessions thatappear to have no value to others, leading to excessive clutter, distress and disability. Earlier hoarding behavior was considered s pathology, but now the studies have shown that not all hoarding behavior is pathological. It is associated with many mental disorders like depressive disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, acquisition-related impulse control disorders (including compulsive buying, kleptomania and acquiring free things), generalised anxiety disorder, social phobia, inattentive-type attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, schizophrenia or dementia (Choo et al, 2015). The problem of hoarding can lead to various environmenta l and social problems. This problem affects the family members, neighbors, individual himself and also a threat to the wider community. Hoarding has also considered being the reason of isolation in elderly population (Holmes, Wolter Harris, 2014). There are many problems associated with clutter accumulation. Clutter prevents proper cleaning of the houses or premises, hinders the proper accessibility and also increases the risk of fire and many health hazards. The older people in Singapore are the most vulnerable population that also go through extremely complex aging process. Ayers et al (2010) states that hoarding is a chronic disorder and clinical features of this disorder are mainly seen in the late life of an individual. The study also states that late life hoarding is associated with psychiatric and medical co-morbidities. Hoarding behavior is also related to the concept of possessions. Older people, who suffer from hoarding behavior, are mainly those, who feel connected to their old possessions, which they have being there since many generations. Such people also believe that their material possessions of who and what they are. Some of the people also believe that acquisition of possessions is associated with their social status. Possessions of different things, objects and brands are also associated with the memories of being associated with a social group. According to the study of Weatherhead (2015), in older life, possessions take on an increased role as aide de memoires of the life that has been lived, as an aid to reflection, for nostalgia and also a source of comfort. With the growing age, the attachment to the materialistic things also increases and deepens. Elderly people are more tend to surround themselves with such objects and possessions, which has followed them through good and bad times. It helps them to remember everything, which on the other hand also increases distress and anxiety. Ponner Cherrier (2008) examined that overflowing clutter harm the residents and family members and neighbor also suffer from odor and pest infections. Different epidemiological studies have been carried out to reveal the problems associated with hoarding. The study of Subramaniam et al (2016), found that Significant impairments brought about by hoarding behavior, such as relationship tension with those sharing the same living space, impairment in quality of life,and daily functioning, health, safety and hygiene concerns resulting from clutter. Hoarders Interviews For the purpose of this study, the data was collected from the interview of two extreme hoarders. The first hoarder is Mr. Lee, who lives in the populated residential area of Singapore. He is 68 years old and has accumulated the clutter of sports magazines. In his young age he was the captain of football team and an avid player. After an accident he lost the ability to play football. He has one room flat and he lives with his 21 years old son. Hi room is filled with old magazines that have also accumulated fungus due to moisture. He also suffers from chronic depressive disorder. He has persistent disability in discarding valueless possession, even after several requests made by his son. According to the Clutter Hoarding Scale Mr. Lee is found on the IV level. Structural damage is found in his house, which is more than 6 months old. Mold and mildew are also visible on the walls. Excessive spider webs can be found in the bed room and drawing room. Due to ineffective waterproofing on th e roof, the walls have been damaged. Since there is not much space in bedroom, so Mr. Lee uses a sofa to sleep and his son sleeps on floor. No cleanliness was noticed in the kitchen area. Another participant is Mrs. Chang, she is 72 years old. She is an elderly widow and lives alone in her flat. Recently she started sleeping outside her one room flat because of the useless clutter that she has hoarded in the memory of her husband. She also suffers from generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) She had hoarded lot of bundles of newspaper, because it reminds her of her husband. Since two months she has been sleeping outside her home and cleaning dishes outside as well due to the clutter she has accumulated insider her house. According to Clutter hoarding scale, her house is found on level V. Structural damage and broken walls are visible in the house. There are no proper water and sewage connections in her house. The contaminants have exceeded the local ordinance level. Her house is filled with insects and mosquitoes. The chances of fire hazard are also very high. The food in the kitchen is rotting and due to lack of space she sleeps outside her house. Motivations of Hoarding The motivations for hoarding are associated with cognitive and behavioral problems. According to the cognitive behavior theory or the model of hoarding, the behaviour is driven by information processing deficits, fear of losing important items that the person believes will be needed later, distorted beliefs about the nature of possessions, exaggerated emotional attachment to possessions and avoidance of the anxiety associated with discarding and decision-making (Subramaniam et al, 2016). The behavior of Mr. Lee and Mrs Chang is also due to excessive emotional attachment and lack of proper decision making. According to the evidences provided in the study of Sagayadevan et al (2016), the functional hoarders have difficulty in disposing the useless clutter without any conscious motivation or control. According to the concept of semiotic analysis that main motivation found in the case of hoarder is the emotional connection with past. Comparison of Hoarders and Non-Hoarders According to the interview data collected it can be said that hoarders have reported significant impairment in mental health, physical functioning, family life, work life, relationships and also in academics in comparison to non-hoarders (Jarrett, 2013). People with problem of hoarding have les insight in comparison to non-hoarders (Subramaniam et al, 2016). When they are compared with the mental health patients in terms of stress and anxiety, hoarders are less likely to respond towards treatment. Tolin et al (2008) found that hoarders also suffer from many chronic mental health conditions and have higher healthcare utilisation than non-hoarding family members. It can also be said that they are less likely to fight with stress or depression. Recommendations and Conclusion Paper discussed the problem of hoarding behavior, which is a significant issue in Singapore. The elderly people suffer from the chronic hoarding conditions. Hoarding is the useless acquisition of materialistic things that are associated with good and bad memories. Paper discussed the hoarding behavior problem and provided the data collected from the interview of two hoarders. Hoarding is a serious medical condition, which has been well studied. Paper provides a comprehensive literature review of reliable resources. For the people with habitual hoarding behavior in Singapore the two recommendations for psychological intervention are as follows. The first recommendation would be that individual who hoard should be immediately referred for medical evaluation. They should also be provided with social and community support. Second recommendation is that Hoarding Task Force in Singapore must take aggressive actions for addressing the issue of hoarding in the local community. They must enco urage more people to inform immediately about such incidents. References American Psychiatric Association. (2013).Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders(DSM-5). American Psychiatric Pub. Ayers, C. R., Saxena, S., Golshan, S., Wetherell, J. L. (2010). Age at onset and clinicalfeatures of late life compulsive hoarding.International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry,25(2), 142-149. Choo, K. W. Q., Lee, W. L., How, C. H., Ng, B. Y. (2015). Hoarding in Singapore.Singaporemedical journal,56(9), 484. Frost, R. O., Steketee, G., Tolin, D. F. (2011). Comorbidity in hoarding disorder.Depressionand anxiety,28(10), 876-884. Jarrett, C. (2013). The psychology of stuff and things.PSYCHOLOGIST,26(8), 560-564. Ong, C., Sagayadevan, V., Lee, S. P., Ong, R., Chong, S. A., Frost, R. O., Subramaniam, M.(2016). Hoarding among outpatients seeking treatment at a psychiatric hospital in Singapore.Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders,8, 56-63. Ponner, T., Cherrier, H. (2008). Hoarding Behavior Attachment to Material Possessions(20: 00).NA-Advances in Consumer Research Volume 35. Sagayadevan, V., Lau, Y. W., Ong, C., Lee, S. P., Chong, S. A., Subramaniam, M. (2016). Validation of the clutter image rating (CIR) scale among psychiatric outpatients in Singapore.BMC psychiatry,16(1), 407. Subramaniam, M., Abdin, E., Vaingankar, J. A., Picco, L., Chong, S. A. (2016). Hoarding inan asian population: prevalence, correlates, disability and quality of life. Tolin, D. F., Frost, R. O., Steketee, G., Gray, K. D., Fitch, K. E. (2008). The economic andsocial burden of compulsive hoarding.Psychiatry research,160(2), 200-211. Weatherhead, S. (2015). A Psychological Perspective on Hoarding.Clinical Psychology,276, 1. Whitfield, K. Y., Daniels, J. S., Flesaker, K., Simmons, D. (2011). Older adults with hoardingbehaviour aging in place: looking to a collaborative community-based planning approach for solutions.Journal of aging research,2012.